Old Boat Emission Regs
This page was copied from the CARB site. It shows
the methodology by which they planned to attack the
emission problems in the 80's. It also has some interesting
1980's data and some good older references in it.
Area Source Methodology
Recreational and Commercial Boats
Section 8.3
Updated - March 1990
Source Category Codes
- 58602 Recreational Boats. Diesel.
- 58610 Recreational Boats. Gasoline
- 58628 Commercial Boats. Diesel.
- 58636 Commercial Boats . Gasoline
METHODS AND SOURCES
These categories are used to inventory the combustion and refueling
emissions from the use of pleasure craft and commercial boats. The
results of this inventory are presented in Tables II, III, IV, and V.
The methodology for these combustion categories is taken directly
from a study conducted in 1977 by KVB, Inc. for the Air Resources
Board. The 1977 KVB fuel consumption estimates were used to
estimate those in 1987. Based on data from boat registration, an
increase of 23 percent from 1983 to 1987 was assumed for fuel use.
In the study by KVB, pleasure craft were defined as boats used for
cruising, water skiing, sport fishing, and other recreational
activities. These include:
inboard/outboard motor boats
jet powered craft
as well as the following boats while using auxiliary power:
rowboats
sailboats
Canoes
Commercial boats were defined by KVB to include the following:
commercial and party fishing boats
tug boats
work boats
lightering barges
excursion boats
miscellaneous small commercial utility craft
U. S. Coast Guard vessels
passenger and cargo boats
The methodology to inventory emissions from both recreational and
commercial boats is detailed in the KVB study and is summarized
here as follows:
1. determine boat population
2. locate areas of operation
3. determine average boat usage
4. calculate the fuel consumption of the various classes of boats
5. apply emission factors to calculate the emissions
KVB reported emissions by four types of waterways: Lakes, rivers,
deltas and coastal regions. Table I gives the diesel and gasoline
emission factors for both pleasure craft and commercial boats for
each waterway type, for each county. Table I also gives the gasoline
powered refueling emissions which are uniform for each county and
waterway type.
The county wide emissions for each category are obtained by
multiplying the fuel combustion by the respective emission factors
and then summing the emissions of different waterway types. This is
illustrated in the Sample Calculations.
ASSUMPTIONS
1. The number of days used per year by boats and the patterns of
occurrence of boats used in the KVB study are valid for 1987.
2. Fuel consumption values for both pleasure and commercial boats
are relative to boat registration.
3. All pleasure boats are registered with DMV.
COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The KVB's methodology may be followed to develop original emission
estimates for 1987. This will produce results that are more
representative of 1987 and possibly show the magnitude of
year-to-year variations of boating activities.
CHANGES IN METHODOLOGY
There are no changes in methodology between the 1983 and 1987
inventory. The 1977 KVB fuel consumption estimates for boat types
were used to estimate the 1987 emissions.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 1983 AND 1987 EMISSION ESTIMATES
The 1987 emission estimates are higher than the 1983 due to an
increase in boat population.
TEMPORAL ACTIVITY
The annual activity occurs primarily during the late spring, summer,
and fall. The weekly activity occurs seven days per week, but with
most of the activity on weekends. The daily activity occurs mostly
during daylight hours.
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:
Contra Costa County - pleasure craft
The following table shows the fuel combustion and NOx emission
factors for the different types of waterways for pleasure craft in
Contra Costa County for 1987.
Activity Rate NOx Emission Factors
(1000 gal) (1000 gal) (lbs/1000 gal) (lbs/1000 gal)
Type of Waterway Diesel Gasoline Diesel Gasoline
Lakes 0 l09 0 59
Rivers 55 1728 340 72
Delta 106 3154 340 72
Coast 355 2469 340 96
Emissions = Sum of emissions from lakes, rivers, delta area and
coastal areas
NOx Emissions:
Diesel = [(0x0) + (55 X 340) + (106x 340) + (355x340)]/[2000]
= 87.72 tons/year
Gasoline = [(109x59) + (1728x72) + (3154x72) + (2469x96)]/[2000]
= 297.48 tons/year
REFERENCES
1. KVB, Inc. Inventory of Emissions from Boating Sources in California,
Final Report (July 1980).
2. Boating Resources Development Planning Study, for California
Department of Navigation and Ocean Development by Arthur Young &
Company, October 1973.
3. Final Report on the State Gasoline Tax Paid on Gasoline Used in
Propelling Boats During the 1971 Calendar Year, for Department of
Public Works and Department of Navigation and Ocean Development by
Arthur Young & Company, December 1972.
4. Total Vessels Registrations by County, As of 30 December 1987.
Department of Motor Vehicles.
5. Statstical Report - Currently Registered Vessels, As of 30 December
1987. Department of Motor Vehicles.
TABLE I
EMISSION FACTORS FOR DIESEL AND GASOLINE POWERED BOATS IN CALIFORNIA
(lb/1000 Gallons)
Pollutant
Waterway/Vessel Type SOx CO TOG NOx Particulates
Diesel-Powered:
Rivers:
Pleasure Boats 40 140 180 340 29
Commercial Boats 40 100 50 280 29
Delta:
Pleasure Boats 40 140 180 340 29
Commercial Boats 40 100 50 280 29
Coast:
Pleasure Boats 40 140 180 340 29
Commercial Boats 40 110 50 270 29
Gasoline-Powered Combustion:
Lakes: Pleasure Boats 6 2,430 672 59 -
Rivers: Pleasure Boats 6 2,210 564 72 -
Commercial Boats 6 2,210 564 72 -
Delta: Pleasure Boats 6 2,210 564 72 -
Commercial Boats 6 2,210 564 72 -
Coast: Pleasure Boats 6 1,822 311 96 -
Commercial Boats 6 1,822 311 96 -
Pollutant
Waterway/Vessel Type SOx CO TOG NOx Particulates
Gasoline-Powered Refueling:
All: Pleasure Boats - - 21.2 - -
Commercial Boats - - 21.2 - -
PREPARED BY
Robert Weller
August 1990
D17036
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